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清代蒲松龄《聊斋志异》管窥
The Ghost-Fox Fairy-Tales
(A Brief Introduction to an Anthology, Liaozhai )
By Manfield Zhu

In China there is a very popularly classic anthology about untrue stories, namely, Liaozhai or Liaozhaizhiyi in Chinese alphabetical phonetic symbols. These characters mean chatting about the ghost-fox fairy-tales in a study or studio. The book written by Pu Songling (1640-1715) in the Qing Dynasty (1616-1911) has been attractive to all the Chinese readers, old and young, boys and girls, since it was presented to the public. Besides the four great well-known novels, The Three Kingdoms, Outlaws of the Marsh, A Dream of Red Mansions and Journey to the West, Pu Songling’s book about ghost-fox fairy tales has seemed to be a magic power living in the Chinese people’s mind from generation to generation. The main reason that the book could attract man’s attention was of its close connection with that true social situation. In the feudal society of the Qing Dynasty, venal officials’ corruption or bribe widely spread everywhere. There was not any democracy at all, thus all the Chinese people had no right to speak, and nobody dared to criticize any wrong doing from feudal officials at all ranks in the whole society. Therefore the writer had to attack them in an indirect way, that is, in writing some untrue stories to mock,satirize,ridicule,deride or poke fun at them. As a sophisticated sarcastic writer, Pu Songling was a typically representative who was good at writing ironically. His book about ghost-fax fairy-tales consists 12 volumes with 488 short stories.

The Chinese literary mighty giant, Lu Xun (1881-1936) said in his Novelistic Brief History of China: “Pu Songling made the highest achievements among all classic fictions in the Chinese ancient literary history. ” The deceased celebrity, writer, poet or playwright Guo Moro highly praised his works. “Pu Songling is of much higher in writing ghost stories or fairy tales in China. Up to now, no writer might surpass him.”

Pu Sonling was born in a poor family. H had had no money enough to publish his book until 1766. At present, there have been more than 30 different kinds of copy of his book both at home and abroad. The world readers of his are distributed over 20 countries or areas. More than 100 plays originating from his fairy tales have been displayed on screen all over the world. Pu Songling has brought great glory to China in literature and art.


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